Birth Control
The only way to be 100% sure that you will not become pregnant is to practice abstinence.
Sex is everywhere: movies, songs, TV, ads. It seems as though eveyone is having it. If you have
made the decision not to have sex, don't feel like you you are alone.
- Make friends with people who are also choosing not to have sex.
- Find role models who have also decided not to have sex. Pop sensation Jessica Simpson
is one such person who has decided not to have sex.
- Talk about your feelings with friends who are supportive.
Having a partner can complicate the decision to abstain from sex. It is important to communicate your
decision to your partner and to have your partner's support.
- Talk about your reasons for not having sex, whether they be for health, safety or religous reasons.
- Be clear about the boundries and which sexual behaviors, if any, you are comfortable with.
- Do things together to appreciate each other's interests.
- Show your love in other ways, such as letters, sharing your feelings.
- Discuss any obstacles that you can anticipate and how to plan to deal with them.
What if your partner doesn't want to wait??
- Explain your reasons. If he/she really cares for you, then they will understand.
- Don't feel as though sex is the way to prove your love. Counter, "If you really loved me then you would"
with, "I need you to respect my feelings" or, "If you really loved me, you wouldn't pressure me".
- If you can't come to an understanding you might have to end the relationship.
If you do decide to have sex, protection is essential!!!
Have a Birth Contol Plan
- Learn all that you can about the various methods. (read on!!)
- Latex condoms are very reliable in preventing pregnancy and also protect against STDs.
- Choose a method that works with your health, values and lifestyle.
- Choose a method that you will use everytime and not forget. Make a committment to yourself that
you will not have sex without protection.
- Don't have sex when you are drunk or high. You may forget about birth control.
- Talk to your partner. Choose a method that works best for both or you. Support each other.
Barrier Methods
Condoms,Sponges, and Spermicides are barrier methods that can be bought over-the-counter.
Diaphragms and Cervical Cap must be prescribed by a doctor. All barrier methods stop pregnancy
by stopping sperm from reaching the womb.
Pros
- Easy to get, sold widely without a prescription.
- No need for special medical procedure.
- Side effects are uncommon.
- Latex condoms protect against STDs, like AIDS.
- The female condom may give limited protection against STDs, but it is not as effective as the male condom.
Cons
- Highest incidences of unplanned pregnancies.
- Condoms sometimes break.
- Need to plan ahead.
Although condoms aren't the only method of barrier contraceptive, they are the most popular. Condoms fit over the penis like the finger of a glove. During sex, the condom forms a barrier
that sperms and germ can't cross.
Where to Get Condoms
- Drugstore: you do not need a prescription to buy condoms. Also, you can be any age and
buy condoms. A three pack of basic latex condoms costs about $1.50 - $4.00.
- Departments of Health/Clinics: most public health departments and pregnancy clinics
have free or very cheap condoms. Just go in and ask for them.
How to Use a Condom
- Use a condom everytime for vaginal, anal or oral sex.
- Unroll the condom onto an erect penis, all the way down to the base. Make sure to position
the condom correctly so that you don't put it on inside-out.
- Always put the condom on before any ski-to-skin contact. Unprotected contact is unsafe.
- When putting on the condom, leave a 1/2 inch space at the tip to collect the semen.
- After ejeculation, the man should remove his penis before it gets soft. Hold the rim of the condom
around the base of the penis so that semen can't spill out.
- Never use Vaseline, hand lotion or anything with oil in it for lubrication-- it can
destroy the latex.
- Use water-based lubricants, prelubricate condoms, or spermicidal foam or jelly. Spermicidal
foam or jelly may help kill some STD germs.
- For oral sex, use a nonlubricated condom.
- Throw away used condoms. Never use a condom more than once.
- Keep condoms ina cool dry place. Don't keep them in a wallet or a glove compartment; the heat
can ruin them. Don't keep condoms for longer than 2 years.
Intrauterine Devices
An IUD is a small, T-shaped piece of plastic, which contains either copper or a hormaone
that prevents pregnancy. It is inserted into the womb and can remain there for several years.
Pros
- Convenient and effective in preventing pregnancy.
- Longest lasting prtoection of any method (Copper IUD) but easily removed by a doctor or a nurse.
- No user action needed befor, during or after sex.
Cons
- May increase the risk and severity of infections.
- Shouldn't be used by women who have sex with more than one person, or whose sexual partner does.
- For some women, having an IUD put in or taken out can be painful.
- May increase cramps and bleeding during monthly periods.
- IUDs don't protect against STDs, including AIDS.
Birth Control Pills
Birth control pills contain hormones that prevent pregnancy.
Pros
- Safe
- Regulates monthly cycle.
- Helps protect against ovarian and endometrial cancers.
Cons
Hard for some women to remember to take pills everyday.
Side effects may include nausea, breast tenderness, spotting, weight gain, mood changes, and headaches.
Some women cannot use due to medical conditions: ie. smokers over the age of 35 or women with high blood pressure.
Doesn't protect against STDs, including AIDS.
5-Year Contraceptive Implants
Norplant are match-sized sticks placed under the skin on the inside of the woman's upper arm. The sticks secrete a hormone
the protects against pregnancy for up to 5 years. Implants can be removed at any time.
Pros
- Convenient.
- Highly effective.
- No user action needed before, during or after sex.
- Can be used right after childbirth and during breastfeeding.
- Helps protect against endometrial cancer.
Cons
- Putting implants in or taking them ot requires a small cut in the skin.
- Monthly periods may be less regular; spotting may occur.
- Side effects may include acne, headaches, weight gain and hair loss.
- Don't protect against STDs, including AIDS.
3-Month Contraceptive Injections
Depo-Provera contains a hormone that prevents pregnancy. Injection into the butt or upper arm every three months.
Pros
- Convenient...only needed 4 times per year.
- Highly effective; no need for action before, during or after sex.
- Can be used safely right after childbirth and during breastfeeding.
Cons
- Not a good method for women who want less than a year of protection.
- Irregualr monthly periods and spotting may occur. After 1 year of use, most women stop having periods.
- Side effects may include bloating/weight gain, headaches, depression, loss of interest in sex, hair loss.
- Don't protect against STDs, including AIDS.
Key Factors |
Barriers |
IUDs |
The Pill |
Implants |
Injections |
Average Success Rate |
low |
high |
moderately high |
extremely high |
extremely high |
Length of Protection |
one sex act |
8 years (copper) |
continuous, if taken daily |
5 years |
3 months |
Average Cost |
| $.50 - $3.00/use |
$200 - $300 |
$20 - $25/month |
$450 - $750/insertion |
$60 - $75 (3 months) |
Return to fertility after stopping use |
immediate |
immediate |
immediate |
immediate |
6 - 18 months |
Requires visit to clinicians to stop using |
no |
yes |
no |
yes |
no |
Privacy of use |
no |
usually (sting may be felt by man)(/td>
| requires supply of pills |
some implants are visible or felt in some women |
yes |
Protection against STDs/AIDS |
yes |
no |
no |
no |
no |
Provides other health benefits |
no |
no |
yes |
yes |
yes |
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